Bear Gulch
30th January 2008

A famous deposit in Montana containing an exceptionally preserved early Carboniferous biota in micritic limestone. The fish assemblage is very diverse, including common coelacanths, but there are also many arthropods, molluscs, sponges and worms.

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Large specimen of Arborispongia with algae and Leptadesma sp. bivalves. Benthic assemblage. Extensive bioherms of this arborescent sponge occur at the Bear Gulch bay mouth (Rigby 1985).
Large specimen of Arborispongia with algae and Leptadesma sp. bivalves. Benthic assemblage. Extensive bioherms of this arborescent sponge occur at the Bear Gulch bay mouth (Rigby 1985).
Arborispongia with Leptadesma sp. bivalve.
Arborispongia with Leptadesma sp. bivalve.
Sponge, 100 mm across.
Sponge, 100 mm across.
Orbiculoid brachiopod, 13 mm.
Orbiculoid brachiopod, 13 mm.
Anthracoceras sp, 32 mm showing preservation of mandibles.
Anthracoceras sp, 32 mm showing preservation of mandibles.
Orthocone cephalopod, 128 mm long. Traces of soft parts are visible in the body chamber.
Orthocone cephalopod, 128 mm long. Traces of soft parts are visible in the body chamber.
Paraconularia sp.,  65 mm.
Paraconularia sp., 65 mm.
Nematode worm with filamentous algae. Algal assemblage.
Nematode worm with filamentous algae. Algal assemblage.
Paleolimulus longispinus, 60 mm, with well preserved limbs in micrite.
Paleolimulus longispinus, 60 mm, with well preserved limbs in micrite.
Aenigmacaris cornigerum, a complete 10 cm eumalacostracan shrimp.
Aenigmacaris cornigerum, a complete 10 cm eumalacostracan shrimp.
Bairdops beargulchensis Schram & Horner, 50 mm complete in micrite.
Bairdops beargulchensis Schram & Horner, 50 mm complete in micrite.
Tyrannophontes theridion, 38 mm.
Tyrannophontes theridion, 38 mm.
Perimecturus rapax, 64 mm crustacean.
Perimecturus rapax, 64 mm crustacean.
A finely preserved 11 mm Halicyne montanaensis, one of a group of five.
A finely preserved 11 mm Halicyne montanaensis, one of a group of five.
Dithyrocaris rolfei Schram & Horner 1978, a complete 7 cm phyllocarid. Heath Shale Formation. Bear Gulch Limestone. Bear Gulch, Fergus County, Montana, USA.
Dithyrocaris rolfei Schram & Horner 1978, a complete 7 cm phyllocarid. Heath Shale Formation. Bear Gulch Limestone. Bear Gulch, Fergus County, Montana, USA.
Acantonescus cracens, 142 mm palaeoniscoid fish.
Acantonescus cracens, 142 mm palaeoniscoid fish.